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Advances in Respiratory Medicine is published by MDPI from Volume 90 Issue 4 (2022). Previous articles were published by another publisher in Open Access under a CC-BY (or CC-BY-NC-ND) licence, and they are hosted by MDPI on mdpi.com as a courtesy and upon agreement with Via Medica.
Review

Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): A Brief Overview of Features and Current Treatment

1
Department of Pediatrics, Jordan University Hospital, Amman, Jordan
2
School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
3
Biopharmaceutics and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
4
Department of Radiology, Blacktown, Mount-Druitt Hospital, Mount Druitt, NSW, Australia
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Adv. Respir. Med. 2021, 89(2), 158-172; https://doi.org/10.5603/ARM.a2021.0041
Received: 17 October 2020 / Revised: 24 December 2020 / Accepted: 24 December 2020 / Published: 30 April 2021
Since the report of the first cases of pneumonia caused by SARS-CoV-2 in December 2019, COVID-19 has become a pandemic and is globally overwhelming healthcare systems. The symptoms of COVID-19 vary from asymptomatic infection to severe complicated pneumonia with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and multiple organ failure leading to death. The estimated case-fatality rate among infected patients in Wuhan, the city where the first case appeared, was 1.4%, with 5.1 times increase in the death rate among those aged above 59 years than those aged 30–59 years. In the absence of a proven effective and licensed treatment, many agents that showed activity against previous coronavirus outbreaks such as SARS and MERS have been used to treat SARS-CoV-2 infection. The SARS-CoV-2 is reported to be 80% homologous with SARS-CoV, and some enzymes are almost 90% homologous. Antiviral drugs are urgently required to reduce case fatality-rate and hospitalizations to relieve the burden on healthcare systems worldwide. Randomized controlled trials are ongoing to assess the efficacy and safety of several treatment regimens.
Keywords: SARS-CoV-2; COVID-19; ARDS; pandemic SARS-CoV-2; COVID-19; ARDS; pandemic
MDPI and ACS Style

Al-Iede, M.; Badran, E.; Al-lawama, M.; Daher, A.; Al-Zayadneh, E.; Aleidi, S.M.; Khawaldeh, T.; Alqutawneh, B. Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): A Brief Overview of Features and Current Treatment. Adv. Respir. Med. 2021, 89, 158-172. https://doi.org/10.5603/ARM.a2021.0041

AMA Style

Al-Iede M, Badran E, Al-lawama M, Daher A, Al-Zayadneh E, Aleidi SM, Khawaldeh T, Alqutawneh B. Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): A Brief Overview of Features and Current Treatment. Advances in Respiratory Medicine. 2021; 89(2):158-172. https://doi.org/10.5603/ARM.a2021.0041

Chicago/Turabian Style

Al-Iede, Montaha, Eman Badran, Manar Al-lawama, Amirah Daher, Enas Al-Zayadneh, Shereen M Aleidi, Taima Khawaldeh, and Basim Alqutawneh. 2021. "Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): A Brief Overview of Features and Current Treatment" Advances in Respiratory Medicine 89, no. 2: 158-172. https://doi.org/10.5603/ARM.a2021.0041

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