Mapping Quantitative Trait Loci for Yield Potential Traits in Wheat Recombinant Inbred Lines

Selecting wheat with favorable spike characteristics has been a popular breeding strategy to improve sink capacity and yield potential. In the present study, quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for yield potential traits were identified using a recombinant inbred line (RIL) population derived from the cross between Taejoong and Keumkang, two Korean wheat cultivars. A linkage map encompassing a total genetic length of 6544.8 cM was constructed using 838 single nucleotide polymorphisms from the 35K Axiom Wheat Breeder’s Array. We detected eight QTLs for four yield potential traits that are consistently identified in at least two of the three environments, that is, one for days to heading date (QDHD-1 on chromosome 7B), three for spike length (QSL-1, QSL-2, and QSL-3 on chromosomes 1D, 5A, and 6A, respectively), one for tiller number (QTN-1 on chromosome 5B), and three for length of center rachis (QLCR-1, QLCR-2, and QLCR-3 on chromosomes 1B, 5B, and 6A, respectively). Notably, Taejoong contributed the alleles for long spike at all three spike length QTLs with the additive effects of 0.6 cm, 0.6 cm, and 0.9 cm at QSL-1, QSL-2, and QSL-3, respectively. No significant two-way or three-way interaction was observed among QSL-1, QSL-2, and QSL-3, indicating that pyramiding the Taejoong alleles at the three QTLs can increase spike length additively. While the Taejoong alleles at QSL-1, QSL-2, and QSL-3 were associated with increased days to heading date, more kernels per spike, and reduced tiller number per plant, the extent of the pleiotropic effects were different among the three QTLs. Due to the limited number of molecular markers and mapping resolution, further work is required to narrow down the identified QTLs and characterize their effects more precisely. Our results would provide useful information for modulating spike characteristics and improving yield potential in wheat breeding programs.